Deterrence and resilience

Learn more about deterrence, defence, and resilience against hybrid threats. Hybrid CoE promotes a whole-of-society approach and cooperation among EU and NATO member states in countering hybrid threats.

Hybrid threat actors blur the line between peace and armed conflict to avoid both accountability for, and countermeasures against, their hostile activities. They use means such as disinformation, economic coercion, and cyberattacks to undermine defence systems and deterrence responses.

Responding to these threats, which exploit societal divisions, erode trust in institutions, and challenge military readiness, requires a whole-of-society approach. This entails preventive efforts among different sectors of society, combining military and civilian capabilities to strengthen resilience against hybrid threats.

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Related news and publications

Hybrid CoE Paper examines legal responses for countering maritime hybrid threats

How can Europe counter hybrid warfare? A new report calls for a unified EU response

Hybrid CoE Research Report

Defending Europe against hybrid warfare

Hybrid threat wargaming builds resilience against the unexpected

Building Europe’s cyber expertise with EU-iNSPIRE

Cyber Power Symposium: Our societies are deeply dependent on the digital domain

Election interference

Elections play a key role in safeguarding democracy

Hybrid CoE Paper 26

Hybrid threats in high latitudes: Facing Russia on Svalbard

Related functions

Research and Analysis

COI Vulnerabilities and Resilience

COI Strategy and Defence

COI Hybrid Influence

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The Centre focuses on diverse aspects of hybrid threats – from soft power to military means, and from policy to practical questions.