Hybrid CoE Working Paper 20: Chinese economic influence as a potential security threat: The Dutch response

For the Netherlands, one of China’s largest economic partners in the EU, the main vulnerability stemming from economic interaction with China is that it can lead to strategic dependencies. This Hybrid CoE Working Paper analyzes China’s economic influence as a potential threat to national security and the Dutch government’s response. The main conclusion is that the degree to which vulnerabilities that stem from Chinese economic influence are acceptable depends on the potential damage and on the possible gains that the cooperation with China can bring for Dutch economic competitiveness.