What if these campaigns, which seem to be increasingly integrated into strategies of interference and power waged by external actors, were actually able to distort the election results and therefore violate the sovereignty of states? – asks Marine Guillaume, Digital Ambassador Deputy at the French Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs and Lecturer at the École Polytechnique.
Hybrid CoE Strategic Analysis 16: Combating the manipulation of information – a French case
by Marine Guillaume
Recent publications

China
China’s maritime hybrid warfare: How Beijing uses lawfare and civilian entities to amplify military power

Belarus
Belarus as a hybrid threat actor: A Russian proxy with residual agency

Artificial intelligence (AI)
Artificial Intelligence and Foreign Information Manipulation: Chinese and Russian approaches

Middle East and North Africa (MENA)
